Modernist Architecture During The 19th Century - 1459 Words

Modernist architecture emerged in the late 19th century, as a response to rapid changes in technology which created new perceptions of time and space. Some of the features of modern architecture included the extensive use of modern materials like glass and steel, the rejection of history and a simplification of forms by the reduction of ornament. One of the first modernist architects was Louis Sullivan, who coined the phrase ‘Form Follows Function’. To Sullivan this meant the elimination of ornament so that the architecture was an expression of purpose, designing buildings inside out allowing the structure to dictate the form and appearance. Sullivan influenced many architects such as Frank Lloyd Wright and Adolf Loos, who were also pioneers of modernist architecture. Loos in particular was against excessive ornament and his text Ornament and Crime (1898) became significant for the modern movement. Although Loos’ minimalist style deferred from most of his contemporaries, particularly those of the Viennese Succession, he shared similar ideas with Charles Rene Mackintosh regarding ornament. Subsequently Loos went on to influence numerous architects, one of them being Le Corbusier. Loos being the common thread, I will examine his Goldman Salatsch Building (1909) comparing it to Sullivan’s Wainwright Building (1890), Mackintosh’s Glasgow School of Art (1897–1909) and Le Corbusier’s Villa Jeanneret and Villa La Roche (1923). Each architect shared the same philosophiesShow MoreRelatedThe Modernism Movement Essay1133 Words   |  5 PagesModernism started as a movement around late 19th and 20th centuries. It rejected the conventional forms of art, architecture, literature, religious faith, social organisation and everyday life as they felt it was incompatible with the new economical, social and political conditions that was emerging at that period of time. Many distinctive styles can be defined as modernist, but majority of them had very similar values and theories on different aspects of society. It gave birth to a whole array ofRead MoreDifferences Between Modernism And Postmodernism1576 Words   |  7 PagesPost-modern Architectures movement in the 20th century’s, and found inspiration in the movements and the way the two movements has made a massi ve impact in the world of Architecture world Modernism Looking into the modern Architecture movement I found out that, Modernism is the single most important new style or philosophy of architecture and design of the 20th century, associatedRead MoreModernism And Its Impact On Art And Architecture Throughout The Twentieth Century2528 Words   |  11 Pagesnineteenth century and was mostly noticeable in art and architecture throughout the twentieth century, also having a large influence on typography and graphic design methods. It changed both these ways of communication by creating a more clean-cut and distinct typeface, which would later be utilised worldwide. The term ‘Modernism’ emerged particularly as a result of large-scale changes to artistic and societal aspects due to the rise of industrialisation during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. ArtistsRead MoreNational Identity- A Semse of a N ation as a Cohesive Whole Essay1273 Words   |  6 Pagesculture, and language1 The architecture of the Twentieth century has been shaped by powerful social, economic and political forces. This has stemmed from influence of war, diverse political regimes, national and international architectural movements and technological development. Along with this architects and ideas has been able to travel around the world more than ever before and from this designs have become apparent that sought to break with the past. Architecture that was once specific andRead MoreThe First World War And The Reconstruction Of Britain2496 Words   |  10 Pagesbrutalist buildings during the 1950s and 1960s. By exploring historical and contextual factors, this essay will discuss what technological advancements occurred and contributed towards the birth of Brutalism. Within this essay there will be discussion about the way the Second World War and the reconstruction of Britain changed the direction of British architecture and which architects were most influential in this redevelopment process. Furthermore, it will explore the Modernist movement by evaluatingRead MoreAn Essay on Modernism2160 Words   |  9 Pagesthat were produced during the modernist period. There has been a lot of controversy about when modernism started, yet many believe it initiated sometime in the late 19th century and continued to the early 20th century. The modernist movement was meant to be a break from traditions and it was set up to se parate the value of certain works from the conservative realism. For instance, Unlike the traditional art that was aesthetic, this movement was more about space and form. In modernist design, shape andRead MoreModernism And Postmodernism1207 Words   |  5 Pagesprimary beliefs of the Modernist genres that appeal in someway or the other to the various movements and also the writers. Modernism in general can broadly be described as the â€Å"deviation from the ancient and classic manner†. (Johnson, J., The New Royal and Universal English Dictionary, Millard, 1763). It is the radical movement away from the past in search of new styles of expression. It refers to a reforming movement away from the traditional forms in various fields like architecture, art, music, andRead MoreEssay on Modernism Brought Much Change into the World1074 Words   |  5 Pages​Modernism or modernist poetry refers to the time period where poems were written by various people between the 1890s and 1970s. Modernism poets have a lot of knowledge and their works reflect it. The Era of modernism brought on modern language as it referred to thought, practice or someone’s character. This brought on a lot of change in the world. The thought behind the thinking of modernist poets were that of individualism. The modern movement came about as the result of the industrial revolut ionRead More Design Trends In Architecture Essay2243 Words   |  9 PagesDesign Trends In Architecture The more things change, the more they stay the same. 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My Recipe of Stress Management Personal Essay

My Recipe of Stress Management As of today, the ability to manage stress is one of the most important qualities that a person has to possess in order to become successful. Why is it so? About 20 years ago the situation was completely different – people lad settled and deliberate lives, and were happy with that state. But what do we have now? The world changed drastically within this period. There arose many opportunities, people understood that in order to reach their goals it was necessary to have fast reactions, clear plans and many other constituents. Of course, in this situation stress is inevitable. That is why psychologists invented various techniques of how to cope with stress and succeed out of its overcoming. As for me, I also have a recipe, which I successfully follow whenever there stressful situations occur. To my mind, the main thing in stress management is the very perception of this state. If you consider it to be an obstacle in your life and you begin to panic whenever fast reactions are required from you, you will have many problems in this state. But if you perceive it as a catalyst of your reactions, will learn how to behave in calm and concentrated way in stressful situations, you are doomed to success and are sure to become a precious element of society and especially of your working environment. In this way, you will receive many additional opportunities instead of problems, which is great, isn’t it? Of course, there are situations when you just can’t force yourself to action and are at a standstill. As for me, in such situations I try to relax for about 5 minutes, think about some pleasant things and return to my urgent assignment when the thoughts in my head become balanced and I am able to make reasonable decisions. In my case, the above mentioned methods work 100% and I really recommend trying them in your practice.

The reigns of Justinian as the emperor of Byzantium during Free Essays

The reigns of Justinian as the emperor of Byzantium during 527 to 565 BC and Romanus IV in 1068 to 1071 AD were two most important events in Byzantine. The former marked the stability and economic growth of the land and the former was known to start the end of the empire. Byzantine (Istanbul today), which was called as an extension of Roman Empire in eastern part, after it was captured and made it a province. We will write a custom essay sample on The reigns of Justinian as the emperor of Byzantium during or any similar topic only for you Order Now Justinian known as ‘Justinian the Great’ according to Alexander A. Vasiliev â€Å"is the central figure of this entire period† (1954, 132) for invading Italy, pacifying Africa and controlling Persia from invading the land through his faithful and able generals named Belisarius and Mundo (Treadgold, 1997, 207). Romanus IV on the other hand had a strategy that did not work for him. Romanus IV gathered large army in troops enough to defeat the enemy, yet he lost the battle for he lost control of them due to disloyalty of his men. Justinian seldom joined the army, while Romanus was at the center of the battle. Justinian delivered direction and instruction to his trusted men, and Romanus IV if not misunderstood, was left alone by his warriors to seek refuge (Bradbury, 2004, 176). The challenges in the reign of Justinian were the uprising of the people and uncontrollable circumstances that weakened his control – the plagues and earthquakes that befell the land. Romanus IV’s challenges were much severe since he reigned at the time when Byzantine never had any recur but to drive away the Seljuk Turks to contain the territory at the midst of unfaithful generals and warriors. Justinian was just fortunate to have a wife and Belisarius who advised and obeyed his command. Romanus IV had a different case instead because he was caught unprepared despite a well-organized plan he made to win the battle. His greatest challenge was not the number of enemy but the sphere of his influence as a leader to execute commands. Romanus had no lawful men and he was unaware of that; besides, the empire was surrounded by men with greedy ambition. Bibliography Bradbury, J. 2004. The Routledge Companion to Medieval Warfare. USA: Routledge. Treadgold, W. 1997. A History of the Byzantine State and Society. USA: Stanford University Press. Vasiliev, A. 1954. History of the Byzantine Empire, 324-1453. USA: University of Wisconsin Press. How to cite The reigns of Justinian as the emperor of Byzantium during, Papers

Prediction of rising stars in the cricket - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Prediction of rising stars in the cricket. Answer: Introduction: The report gives an overview of one of the most popular sport of Australia that is cricket. A discussion gives an overview of the sport along with an analysis how it helps the participants in terms of time, health benefits, money and opportunity cost. There is also a part in the report that discusses about the growth of Cricket in Australia and worldwide along with mention of the participation trend for the sport in the past. The report also predicts about the future trends of cricket along with recommendations for its future funding. Sport is an essential part of the culture in Australia that dates back to the colonial period. Cricket is a sport that has helped in shaping the national as well international identity of the country. Overview of the Cricket in Australia Cricket refers to a popular sport in Australia not only at the international level but also at the local and domestic level. However, the primary administrative body for the sport both at the amateur and professional level is Cricket Australia (Sissons Stoddart, 2014). Australia has a record of around 1,311,184 people who played cricket in the year 2015 -16. This represents an increase of 8.5 percent compared to the previous year thereby making it the highest participation sport in the country. The participation rate of women in the sport was also at a record high in the year 2015-16 (Appadurai, 2015). Cricket is however a sport that is played in Australia for more than 210 years. The first cricket match took place in Sydney in the year 1803 in the month of December. As far as, international cricket is concerned the Australian national team represents the most successful team. Australia is also one of the nations aided in forming the International Cricket Council(ICC) (Hulin et al., 2013). This country plays test series against visiting team, one-day tournament between other teams on the home ground and undertakes overseas tours for the remaining year. Games in cricket played over number of days or hours thereby making it a sport that have the longest time of playing. First class matches for the sport played over a period of three to five days with six hours of dedicated cricket per day (Appadurai, 2015). However, one-day cricket matches lasted for a minimum of six hours. There are special rules for intervals in the game that included tea, drinks and lunch. Cricket Australia has recorded revenue of around $300 million. The leading players of Australia earn around $1million per year. Cricket is a sport that entails various health benefits to the participants through increase in endurance and stamina and balance and flexibility. The sport also improves coordination and enhances cardio vascular activities (Orchard et al., 2015). Through the sport, the participants are able to improve motor and social skills along with improved physical fitness. Cricket is a sport that helps in muscle toning and team building. Growth of the Cricket in Australia and the Participation Trend for Cricket in the Past The growth of Cricket in Australia has been commendable and considered as the leading participation sport in the year 2015-16 (Hickey et al., 2016). The national cricket censuses have also revealed the participation of female players that accounts for almost one quarter of all the players.The participation rate for Cricket in the year 2016-17 recorded was close to around 1.4 million players. The evidence of these put forward by the latest census on National Cricket by Cricket Australia. However, out of 1.4 million participants around 27 percent represented females. The rate of female participation also increased compared to previous year with nearly 400,000 players compared to only 80,000 players in the previous year (Biscomb Griggs, 2013). According to the Census, there was an increase in the multicultural participation close to 28 percent. Indigenous participation and disability participation for the sport also that accounted for about 40 percent and 70 percent respectively (Eime et al., 2015). The communities and club participation also increased to 9.5 percent that was close to figures around 454,657. Amongst them juniors, aged between the age group of 5 to 12 years made up around 59.4 percent of the participants in the year 2015-16 (Sissons Stoddart, 2014). The participation figures for Cricket outstripped by the attendance rate of the audience. The year 2016-17 set a newer record of 1.8 million Australians attending the elite cricket(Khoo, Schulenkorf Adair, 2014). Figures showed 1,863,846 people attending the international cricket backed by stronger television rating. The indoor and school participation also increased by 9.9 percent and 7.5 percent respectively. Figure: Participation Trend for the Year 2016-17 Source: (Hickey et al., 2016) The past participation trend in the sport has also been immense. Cricket was in the heart of Australia from time immemorial. The initial recorded match of the sport occurred in Sydney in the year 1803. The first tour to Australia was by an English cricket team in the year 1861-62. In the year, 1868, a team of Aboriginal cricketers was the first Australian cricket team who toured England (Hajkowicz et al., 2013). Overall, the team participated in 47 matches of which they won 14 matches, had a draw in 19 matches and lost around 14 matches. The standards of Australian cricket raised during its representative tour that it took to England in the year 1878. Although war brought a halt to the test cricket in Australia however the end of war in Europe in the year 1945 started by playing a victory test in England. The year 1970 saw administrators and players coming to conflict. Prediction of the Future Trends of Cricket There is a prediction for the development of a comprehensive five-year strategy put forward by the authoritative board, Cricket Australia, following the conference on Australian Cricket in Melbourne (Ahmad et al., 2016). The comprehensive strategy, there will be a greater emphasis on a clear structure of international cricket that will enhance the importance of Test Cricket. The strategy will also have a greater emphasis on Big Bash League for the female as well as male players particularly for complementing the international cricket. The trends put forward by the strategy will also include: Ensuring a True Sport for Girls and Women: The strategy will help in amplifying the focus on the importance and role of elite female cricketers thereby ensuring that cricket is a sport for everyone. The approach will be available from the grass root thereby making sure that every club in Australia related to the sport develops a supportive and welcoming environment for girls and women. Review of Investment for GrassRootCricket: The strategy will also put forward a review on the investment at the grass root level especially for the girls and the boys belonging to the clubs and schools along with a delivery model for the sport(Biscomb Griggs, 2013). Commitment for modified versions of investment made for the year 2017-18. There were also plans for pursuing the development of the formats of social cricket that aligned with the increasing casual participation trends available across sporting sector in the continent. Focusing on ways for Enhancing Fan Engagement: The comprehensive strategy will also help in focusing on elite cricket, as there will be more focus in exploring the ways for increasing the fan engagement with the international cricket. Cricket Australia has easily endorsed the progress made by the international cricket in pursuing changes to the context and the structure that helps in underpinning the competition between the countries(Sturm, 2015). This will enable including a clear structure and larger context for the international cricket that will help in giving more to the fans. In addition to attaining an international stage, it will also help Australian cricket to refine and develop a more robust growth strategy for the Big Bash League for women and men. Ensuring Success of ICC Cricket World Cup: The strategy also meant for ensuring that Australian Cricket association agreed for working towards the success of ICC World Twenty20 in the year 2020 that would also surpass the events of 2015 in terms of viewership, attendees and influence on the growth of game(Maxwell et al., 2013). Recommendation for Future Funding of Cricket The future funding of the cricket can come through partnership of Cricket Australia with territory and state associations. The partnership can invest around $1.5 million into various cricketing related projects through the National Community Facility Funding Scheme. The funding not only increase participation in community cricket but at the same time improve the experience of the volunteers, officials and participants. Increased funding also helps in providing increased access to the sport. Conclusion: The report ends by throwing a light on the future funding of Cricket. There is also discussion on the future trends of cricket. The report further throws a light on the growth of Cricket in Australia and the participation trend of the past. There is also an overview on the cricket as a sport in Australia. In Australia cricket considered as a sport with higher participation rate. The popularity of cricket is so high that there is hardly any chance of overshadowing by other sports. References: Ahmad, H., Daud, A., Wang, L., Hong, H., Dawood, H., Yang, Y. (2017). Prediction of rising stars in the game of cricket. IEEE Access, 5, 4104-4124. Appadurai, A. (2015). Playing with modernity: the decolonization of Indian cricket.Altre Modernit, (14), 1-24. Biscomb, K., Griggs, G. (2013). A splendid effort!Print media reporting of Englands womens performance in the 2009 Cricket World Cup. International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 48(1), 99-111. Eime, R., Harvey, J., Charity, M., Casey, M., Westerbeek, H., Payne, W. (2015). Four-year trends in sport participation and retention: The gender differences.Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport,19, e33-e34. Hajkowicz, S. A., Cook, H., Wilhelmseder, L., Boughen, N. (2013). The Future of Australian Sport: Megatrends shaping the sports sector over coming decades. A Consultancy Report for the Australian Sports Commission. Hickey, C., Harrison, L., Ollis, D., Mooney, A. (2016). The professionalisation of Australian women's cricket: new times and new opportunities. Hulin, B. T., Gabbett, T. J., Blanch, P., Chapman, P., Bailey, D., Orchard, J. W. (2013). Spikes in acute workload are associated with increased injury risk in elite cricket fast bowlers.Br J Sports Med, bjsports-2013. Khoo, C., Schulenkorf, N., Adair, D. (2014). The benefits and limitations of using cricket as a sport for development tool in Samoa.Cosmopolitan Civil Societies: An Interdisciplinary Journal,6(1), 76-102. Maxwell, H., Foley, C., Taylor, T., Burton, C. (2013). Social inclusion in community sport: A case study of Muslim women in Australia.Journal of Sport Management,27(6), 467-481. Orchard, J. W., Blanch, P., Paoloni, J., Kountouris, A., Sims, K., Orchard, J. J., Brukner, P. (2015). Cricket fast bowling workload patterns as risk factors for tendon, muscle, bone and joint injuries. Br J Sports Med, 49(16), 1064-1068. Sissons, R., Stoddart, B. (2014).Cricket and Empire (RLE Sports Studies): The 1932-33 Bodyline Tour of Australia(Vol. 10). Routledge. Sturm, D. (2015). Smash and Bash Cricket? Affective Technological Innovations in the Big Bash.Media International Australia,155(1), 80-88.